Low-Light Sports Photography

Shooting sports is difficult. Anyone that has tried, can tell you, it’s difficult to get great shots when you can’t control your setting beyond your limited sphere of influence. Depending on the sport, and even within a sport, your environment changes. Often times, the environment changes week to week, and if you are shooting outdoors, it changes during the game as well.

Lately, given it is football season here, I’ve been shooting my kids, and their teams, whenever I have the opportunity. My middle school child’s team typically begins their games late afternoon, or early evening. This poses significant challenges, as I find during the first part of the game I want to shoot with a polarizer, and by the end of the game, I’ve removed the polarizer and find myself shooting flash or very high ISO. My purpose in this blog posting is to give some tips on shooting sports in low light scenarios…with football being my specific example.

First off, I’m an amateur at this, and don’t get paid (outside of the random purchases on my SmugMug site), so my equipment is limited, and my results are probably far from professional in quality. Outside of those limitations, I feel I’ve managed to capture some great photographs with this information in hand.

To start, when shooting sports, the minimum shutter speed that I use is 1/500 second. I’ve found that at that speed, I can adequately capture a player in motion, without sacrificing too much sharpness. It should go without saying, that in better lighting conditions, the shutter speed is much faster. In these low-light scenarios, I typically shoot in Manual (“M”) mode, with the shutter speed locked in at 1/500 second. Additionally, I’m almost always at the absolutely smallest F-Stop, in order to allow the most about of light in. However, during better light, I’ll shoot up to around f5.6-f8, depending on how much depth of field I want. Both of the lenses that I use for sports shooting, are fixed at f2.8, which gives me fairly decent low-light capabilities. So, now that I am at 1/500 second, and f2.8, how do I ensure that I have enough light to expose the scene? I walk the ISO. What I mean by this, is that I start at the ISO that I expect I need to be at in order to get a proper exposure, and then walk the ISO higher or lower until I get the exposure I want. I’ll do this throughout the game, as it gets darker or lighter, constantly watching the histograms of my LCD previews to ensure I’m still capturing all the light I need.

That’s about it. Fairly straight forward, fairly easy, but maybe not known by everyone. I’m sure there are better ways, and I’m open to learning them, so if you have suggestions, shoot me a note. I left out any reference to using flash, as with a lot of low-light sports, they discourage flash on the sidelines as to not distract the players. If the lighting is particularly bad, I’ll ask the refs before the game if they would allow me to use flash or not.

Here are some examples from a football game I shot last week:

Shot 1

Shot 2

Shot 3

Shot 4

Shot 5

Shot 6

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Wisconsin HDR Landscapes

This summer we took our typical, every other year, trip to Wisconsin. It has now been six and a half years since we moved to Florida, so it is always good to visit friends and family that we left behind. My parents have also migrated to Florida, and are currently building a new home about 10 minutes away. Anyway, this year my Mother asked me to try and get some landscape photographs that she could have blown up and mounted on the walls of their new home, to remind them of Wisconsin Summers.

The series of photographs in this gallery were my attempt to capture the essence of what she was looking for:

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I was approached recently and asked to create an “antique” photograph of the LDS Orlando Temple, to be used in a project for the Young Women of the church here in my area. Their request was to have an antique photo, along with some textual overlays of the LDS Article of Faith #13. They had several examples that they had seen online for other projects, which can be seen here, and here. There are probably several hundred different ways to accomplish this, using a myriad of tools available, but I stuck with the following:

  • Nik Software – Silver Efex Pro
  • Adobe – Photoshop
  • Adobe – Lightroom
  • I started with the following photograph:

    I am far from an expert with Photoshop, so I chose to start with the incredible program Silver Efex Pro, by Nik Software. This program has dozens of pre-defined black and white, sepia, etc., functions, each of which can be customized once you find the mode that best suites your photograph. For this project, I used their “Antique Plate II” preset, and adjusted to meet my desired output. This allowed me to quickly get my photograph to the coloring that I wanted for this “antique” project.

    At this point, I exported my photograph to Photoshop, in order to start the texturing process. Applying textures within photoshop is quite simple, but can take some time, depending on how many you apply, and how much tweaking is done to each layer. I’ve been collecting various textures for a while now, to be used in all manner of photo manipulation. If you are just starting out, I suggest you take a look at bittbox’s flickr sets, which contains dozens of free textures. Once you select the texture(s) you want to work with, it is as simple as pasting the textures on layers above your base photograph, and then changing the blending mode of the layers. For my taste, I typically use blending mode “Soft Light” or “Hard Light”, but it is best to experiment with each mode to see the effects that are achieved with each. In order to get the best output, I also play heavily with the opacity of each layer to lessen or increase the impact each texture has.

    Before finishing out the photography, I created masks on several of the texture layers, and lessened the impact the texture had on the Temple itself, in order to perserve the detail of the building. The completed antique version looks like this:

    As a final touch for this project, I created several textual layers over the completed image, with a calligraphy font, of the 13th Article of Faith. I also super-imposed the signatures of Joseph Smith (First LDS Prophet), and Thomas S. Monson (Current LDS Prophet) onto the photograph. This can be seen here:

    The entire gallery can be seen below, which also includes some black and white versions of the photograph.

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    Railroad Tracks ~ Black & White

    Railroad Tracks ~ Black & White

    Railroad Tracks ~ Black & White

    I’ve been driving over these railroad tracks for 5 years, and at least once per week I would tell myself that I should stop and take a photograph. Obviously I finally followed through with it, and got a few good photographs. The clouds were quite interesting on this day, but given I was shooting 2.8 on this one, and focusing on the tracks below, you can’t really tell. I’ll link to the full gallery below so you can see the other HDR versions I created.


    Camera: Canon 7D w/ Canon 17-55 f2.8
    Exposure: 1/1600
    Aperture: f2.8
    Focal Length: 55mm
    ISO: 500
    Flash: Off

    Full Gallery:

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    I had the honor of attending the retirement ceremony for my neighbor, LCDR Michael J Kraft, who was ending his career with the United States Navy after more than 29 years of honorable service. The ceremony was incredible, with emotions running high for all in attendance. Mike has been a great neighbor these last 5 years, and it was my honor to have been invited to the retirement ceremony. I would like to personally thank him for his many years of service to our wonderful country.

    I wasn’t attending the ceremony professionally, yet still managed to get many wonderful photographs from the event.  Once I returned home from the ceremony, I began post processing and weeding through all the photographs in order to put together a tribute video for Mike.  I’ve been using Aperture 3 since the first beta, and this was the first chance I had to use the new slideshow features.  Like most of Apple’s products, the slideshow interface was nicely integrated into Aperture, along with iTunes, and within minutes I had the basics of the slideshow setup. After about an hour I had created a nice intro page, set the slideshow to music, and found the exact transition timing to coincide with the chosen music.

    At this point I began to research how I was going to get this slideshow into DVD format for my neighbor’s retirement party in the evening.  Several google searches later, I figured out the basic workflow:  Aperture 3 Slideshow -> Export -> HD 720p -> iDVD import -> Burn

    The most difficult part of the entire exercise was waiting for the 5 minute slideshow to export (took about 30 minutes), along the 2nd and 3rd exports after finding multiple mistakes (I was tired!!).  Once exported, I created a simple iDVD project, imported the slideshow (drag and drop), and voila, the iDVD project was ready to burn.  The whole process took a few hours, but could have been compressed without my initial slideshow errors (spelling and grammar).

    The end results was an incredible video, which touched the hearts of all those who attended the celebration.  The video can be viewed here.  Below you will find the photographs I was most pleased with:

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    Horseback Riding

    My wife and I took our daughter horseback riding for her 9th birthday yesterday. I haven’t had a chance to review and post process all the photographs, so I’ll add more to the post later today. Unfortunately for us, our appointment didn’t start until 7:00pm, so I had a limited natural lighting window to work in. I opted not to break out the flash later in the evening and just enjoyed the beautiful night out of doors.

    Janae on Traveller

    Barn Dog at Ranch

    Caylee on the Fence

    Caylee on the Fence

    Caylee Riding

    Caylee Riding

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    Purchased the new Camera+ app by taptaptap and Lisa Bettany recently. Here are the results of my first test.

    Posted from my iPhone

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    Several months ago I kicked off a search to find the best free actions for photoshop that I could find.  During that search I found a lot that, unfortunately, were not free, but many that were.  One such action set was created by Ree Drummond, aka The Pioneer Woman.  I’ve not used all the actions in her free set, so I can’t comment on most of them, however, her “Fresh and Colorful” action has been great.  I have absolutely loved using it.  The action boosts the saturation and really makes the color _pop_, creating a sort of surreal look to the photograph.

    First the before.  The following image has had basic post-processing manipulations (exposure, contrast, saturation):

    Kyla - Basic PP

    First off, I can’t take credit for the posing in this picture.  In my exhaustive search for the best actions, I saw a lot of unique poses that I have been trying to incorporate into my daily repertoire.  It took several shots before I got an expression that I liked, but I think the perspective is nice.  Anyway, from here I decided to go with the Fresh and Colorful action of Ree’s given the bright colors in this photo.  After executing the action, adjusting the opacity of the two layers created allow you control over the overall “light” in the photo.  What I ended up with was this:

    Kyla - Fresh and Colorful

    I’ve had a few comments on other forums that the face seems a little blown out with these changes, but honestly, I think that is what I was going for.  Not sure why, just thought it put more focus on the color of the eyes and outfit.

    In short, I think the combination of the perspective, and the bright colors, along with this great action, have turned a good photo, into a great photo.  But, I’m biased :)

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    Playing With Light

    For those with a DSLR, you probably have a feature built into the camera that you haven’t heard of, or even used before.  This feature, called 2nd curtain sync or rear curtain sync, controls when the flash syncs with the shutter.  1st curtain being at the opening of the shutter, and 2nd/rear curtain being at the closing of the shutter.  Without seeing the pictures below, one might not be able to see an obvious use for this, but after looking at the pictures you’ll probably see the fun that could be had with such an option.  There are probably far more creative things that could be achieved with this feature, but I’ll leave that to others to describe, and just describe what I know.

    First, this is what you need:

    • DSLR with 2nd/rear curtain option
    • External Flash (optional, but preferable)
    • Tripod
    • Remote trigger (optional, but preferable)
    • Imagination!

    So here is my basic setup.  First, wait for a nice dark evening, preferably with a new moon, or in the shade of a house such that there is minimal, if any, light.  Once you’ve found your location, make sure you have a good tripod, and it helps to have a remote trigger for the shutter.  The most difficult part of this setup is getting your subjects in focus.  What I did, was take a flood light and set it near the camera.  Then, I place an object on the ground and have the subject stand there, with the flood light on, and in manual focus, focus in on your subject.  Once you are satisfied with the focal plane, turn the floodlights off.

    Now, you should be shooting in manual mode at this point, as you’ll need to get full control of the cameras aperture, shutter speed and ISO.  On a very dark night, I’ve found the following settings good:

    • ISO: 400 – 600
    • Aperture: f8-f14
    • Shutter Speed: 4sec – bulb

    I use a remote trigger and bulb, which gives me the greatest control.  It also helps to have an external flash, as the built-in flash isn’t the most powerful.  Now, we have everything ready to “play with light”.

    There are a couple of ways to do this, but here is what I do.  I’ll have the subject pose as I want them, and then have someone manning the remote trigger.  By shooting in bulb, I can control the timing, and it gives me more time to “paint”.  So, have the cameraman press and hold the shutter open, and then the artist runs into the scene and, with the LED facing the camera, start painting.  The beauty of this setup, is that while you are painting, the camera can only see the LED light.  Once you have completed your painting, run out of the camera’s view and give the signal to release the shutter.  Now, with the 2nd/rear curtain sync enabled, the flash with fire just before the shutter closes, thus capturing your subjects and preserving the LED painting that you performed earlier.

    Very simple, yet very fun.  My kids love it, and these pictures are from a party that my son just had with his friends.  We would have done more, but it was quite cold out, so we gave up after about an hour.  Still, the results were good.

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    Simplified

    There are certain photos, that just seem like they would be better suited as a painting or sketch, rather than an actual photograph.  While browsing over at DPReview, I ran across this useful tool from Topaz Labs, called Topaz Simplify.  It’s extremely easy to use, and gives the user an incredible amount of control on the end product.  Take a look at a few examples of mine that I thought turned out better than the original photo:

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